python解析json

做接口测试的时候，就要对json请求进行解析。

1. python 解析 json

import urllib2  
import json  
  
html = urllib2.urlopen(r'http://api.douban.com/v2/book/isbn/9787218087351')  
  
hjson = json.loads(heml.read())  
  
print hjson['rating']  
print hjson['images']['large']  
print hjson['summary']

2. python 中文乱码的解决：

import sys,codecs, types  
def code():  
    var1 = "nihao"  
    var2 = "你好"  
    print var1  
    print var2  
    var2 = var2.decode('utf-8').encode('gbk')  
    print var2  
  
  
if __name__ == "__main__":  
    code()

程序中“你好”默认用UTF-8 编码，程序中先将var2以UTF-8解码再以gbk编码，就可以输出正确的中文

3. python 用httplib发送请求

#httplib是Python的http协议的内置，实现模块，使用它可以很简洁的实现http发送请求。   
import httplib  
import urllib  
   
#连接服务器    
   
conn=httplib.HTTPConnection('www.python.org')    
   
#发送HTTP请求    
   
conn.request('GET','url')    
   
#得到结果    
   
result=conn.getresponse()    
   
#获取HTTP请求结果值。200为成功    
   
resultStatus=result.status    
   
#获取请求的页面内容    
   
content=result.read()    
   
#关闭连接    
   
conn.close()    
   
#如果要模拟客户端进行请求，可以发送HTTP请求头    
   
headers={"Content-Type":"text/html;charset=gb2312"}    
   
conn.request('POST','url',headers=headers)    
   
#带参数传送    
   
params = urllib.urlencode({'pname':'pvalue'});    
   
conn.request('POST','url',body=params)

发送get 请求

#!/usr/bin/env python  
#coding=utf8  
   
import httplib  
   
httpClient = None  
   
try:  
    httpClient = httplib.HTTPConnection('localhost', 80, timeout=30)  
    httpClient.request('GET', '/test.php')  
   
    #response是HTTPResponse对象  
    response = httpClient.getresponse()  
    print response.status  
    print response.reason  
    print response.read()  
except Exception, e:  
    print e  
finally:  
    if httpClient:  
        httpClient.close()

发送post请求

#!/usr/bin/env python  
#coding=utf8  
   
import httplib, urllib  
   
httpClient = None  
try:  
    params = urllib.urlencode({'name': 'tom', 'age': 22})  
    headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"  
                    , "Accept": "text/plain"}  
   
    httpClient = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost", 80, timeout=30)  
    httpClient.request("POST", "/test.php", params, headers)  
   
    response = httpClient.getresponse()  
    print response.status  
    print response.reason  
    print response.read()  
    print response.getheaders() #获取头信息  
except Exception, e:  
    print e  
finally:  
    if httpClient:  
        httpClient.close()

实例：

def httpget(self,url):
       httpClient = None
       conn = urlparse(url)
       url=url.encode('utf-8')
       try:
           httpClient = httplib.HTTPConnection(conn.netloc, timeout=10)
           httpClient.request('GET', url)

           response = httpClient.getresponse()
           print response
           d0=response.read()
           d0=d0.decode('unicode_escape')
       except Exception, e:
           print e
       finally:
           if httpClient:
               httpClient.close()
       return response.status,d0



   def httppost(self,host,path,params):
       httpClient = None
      # conn = urlparse(url)
     #  url=url.encode('utf-8')
       try:

           body=json.dumps(params)
           header = {"Content-type": "application/json", "Accept": "text/plain"}

           httpClient = httplib.HTTPConnection(host, timeout=30)
           httpClient.request('POST', path, body, header)
           response = httpClient.getresponse()
           print response.status
           #print response.read()

           d1=response.read()
           #d1=d1.decode('unicode_escape')
           d1=json.loads(d1)
       except Exception, e:
           print e
       finally:
           if httpClient:
               httpClient.close()
       return d1